Criminal Defense

How a charge gets made

A charge is a decision someone made, not a fact.

What matters first depends on where your case stands. If charges have been filed, the next court date sets the clock. If you were arrested and released with no date, the case may still be sitting with a prosecutor who hasn't decided anything yet — and that's the one window in which a case can end before it starts. If an investigator has called you, nothing has been decided either, and what you say next is the part you still control.

How an incident gets labeled — which offense, misdemeanor or felony, with or without an enhancement — is a choice a prosecutor makes from a police report, and it can move. That's worth knowing before you assume the charge on the paperwork is the charge you will end up facing.

Defense Services

Criminal Defense Services

DUI defense

First-time and repeat DUI charges under Vehicle Code § 23152, including the separate DMV license action with its roughly 10-day deadline, breath and blood test challenges, and felony DUI. See our dedicated DUI page for the full picture.

Learn more

Domestic violence

Corporal injury to an intimate partner (Penal Code § 273.5), domestic battery, and the emergency protective orders that often accompany an arrest — cases that frequently rest on a single, contested account.

Learn more

Violent crimes

Assault with a deadly weapon, criminal threats, and the serious and violent felony classifications that drive strike exposure and sentence enhancements. Robbery, carjacking, and assault and battery each have their own page below.

Learn more

Drug crimes

Simple possession (Health & Safety Code § 11350), possession for sale, transportation, and related offenses — where diversion, treatment, and drug-court alternatives may be available for eligible clients.

Learn more

Sex crimes

Allegations ranging from indecent exposure to more serious felonies, which carry the added weight of possible sex-offender registration and demand a discreet, meticulous defense.

Learn more

White collar & fraud

Fraud, embezzlement, theft, and financial crimes that turn on documents and intent — cases where careful review of the paper trail often matters more than anything said in a police report.

Learn more

Restraining orders

Both sides of civil harassment and domestic-violence restraining-order proceedings, which can restrict where you live, whether you see your children, and whether you may possess a firearm.

Learn more

Probation violations

When probation was granted, a sentence was suspended over your head, and a violation finding can bring it down. These hearings move faster and with fewer protections than the case that put you on probation.

Learn more

Firearm violations

Carry, possession, prohibited-person, and discharge allegations, plus the enhancements that attach to other charges. Much of this conduct is a wobbler, which means a prosecutor decides whether it's a misdemeanor or a felony.

Learn more

Burglary

California burglary is about what you intended at the moment you entered — not what you did afterward, not what you took, and not how you got in. Entry with intent completes the crime.

Learn more

Robbery

Robbery is not a theft charge with a harsher name. The case turns on force or fear, not on what was taken — which is why a struggle at a store door can end in a robbery charge.

Learn more

Carjacking

Almost nobody charged with carjacking in Los Angeles County did the thing the word describes. Whether anyone was in or near the vehicle is what separates this charge from auto theft, and it changes the exposure entirely.

Learn more

Pre-filing representation

Arrested and released with no court date, or contacted by a detective, and no charges filed yet. This is the one stage where the outcome can be changed before there's anything to fight — while the prosecutor is still deciding.

Learn more

Assault and battery

California treats assault (Penal Code § 240) and battery (Penal Code § 242) as two separate crimes with separate elements. Which one is charged, and at what level, is the first thing that decides what you're actually facing.

Learn more
Defense Approach

How We Build a Defense

We make the state prove every element

A charge is an accusation, not a verdict. We hold the prosecution to its burden of proof beyond a reasonable doubt and refuse to let weak or incomplete evidence go unchallenged.

Challenge the stop, search, and evidence

Much of what the state relies on can be suppressed if it was obtained unlawfully. Where a stop, detention, or search violated your rights, we move to exclude the resulting evidence under Penal Code § 1538.5 (opens in new window) — which can weaken or end a case.

Pre-file intervention

The best time to influence a case is often before charges are filed. Where the investigation is still open, we can sometimes present mitigating facts to the prosecutor and keep a case from ever reaching court.

Negotiate reductions and diversion

Many California charges can be reduced, resolved through diversion or treatment, or pleaded down to a lesser offense. We pursue every avenue that protects your record and your future.

Trial-ready from day one

We prepare each case as if it will be tried. That readiness is itself leverage in negotiation — and when trial is the right path to the best result, we're prepared to take it there.

What decides a case

What actually decides a criminal case

Very few cases turn on a moment in a courtroom. They turn on what the state can prove, whether it obtained that proof lawfully, and whether anyone makes the prosecutor look hard at both before a plea is on the table.

That's also why the stages are genuinely different problems. Before charges are filed, no one has committed to anything, and the question is whether a case gets built at all. Once charges exist, the work moves to testing the evidence — how the stop happened, how a search was conducted, whether the testing was reliable, whether the whole account traces back to one person with a reason to give it.

If what you want is the sequence itself — booking, bail, arraignment, pretrial, trial, and how long each part takes — we wrote that out in full.

How charges are classified

Misdemeanor, felony, and 'wobbler' charges

How a case is charged often matters as much as what happened. The classification drives the exposure you face, whether the offense counts as a strike, what it does to immigration status and a professional license, and whether it can ever be cleaned off a record.

Between misdemeanor and felony sits a large group of California offenses called wobblers, which a prosecutor may charge either way and a court may later reduce under Penal Code § 17 (opens in new window). A great many of the charges on this page are wobblers, and that's the clearest reason early defense matters — the classification is still a decision someone is making. Both are worth understanding before you choose a lawyer: misdemeanor versus felony in California, and what a wobbler actually is.

Van Nuys & the San Fernando Valley

Criminal defense across the San Fernando Valley & greater LA

Boyadzhyan Legal Shield is based in Encino on Ventura Boulevard and defends criminal cases throughout the San Fernando Valley and greater Los Angeles — Encino, Sherman Oaks, Tarzana, Van Nuys, Woodland Hills, Studio City, Northridge, and the surrounding communities.

If you were arrested in the Valley, your case is very likely to be prosecuted at the Van Nuys Courthouse, which handles criminal matters for much of the San Fernando Valley. We appear in Van Nuys and the surrounding Los Angeles County courts regularly, which means knowing its prosecutors, its calendar, and how cases like yours are actually resolved there.

Working from a single Encino office keeps the firm close to the courts, the clients, and the communities it serves. Whether your case sits in the Valley or elsewhere in Los Angeles County, you work directly with the attorney handling it — not a rotating cast — and you get counsel who knows the terrain your case will travel.

Why us

Why Boyadzhyan Legal Shield

Founding attorney Knarik Boyadzhyan is a former Deputy Public Defender who represented clients facing criminal charges at every stage. Before serving as a Deputy Public Defender, Knarik worked as a paralegal in the U.S. Department of Justice's Violent and Organized Crime Section.

That experience shapes how we approach every case: we start from what the prosecution must prove and where that proof is vulnerable, rather than reacting to the charge in front of us. We keep the defense practical and honest — we will tell you what we see, explain your realistic options, and never sell you an outcome we cannot promise. No lawyer can guarantee a result, and you should be wary of any who does.

We also keep it personal. This is a focused Encino practice, not a high-volume mill, so the attorney you speak with is the attorney handling your case. Initial consultations are free and confidential, with no obligation to hire the firm. The goal from the first conversation is simple: protect your rights and pursue the best result the facts will allow.

How we work
01

Initial consultation

We learn what happened, review the reports and any evidence, and explain the charges you face and the exposure they carry. The consultation is free, confidential, and carries no obligation to hire the firm.

02

Strategy & investigation

We identify weaknesses in the state's case — unlawful stops, faulty searches, unreliable witnesses, flawed testing — and build a defense tailored to your facts.

03

Negotiation & pre-trial motions

We push for dismissal, reduction, or diversion where possible and litigate motions, including motions to suppress unlawfully obtained evidence.

04

Trial when it serves you

We prepare every case as if it will go to trial, and we take it there when that's the path to the best available result.

Frequently Asked Questions

Questions About Criminal Charges

If your question is not answered here, call (310) 877-7770 to discuss your situation.

Exercise your right to remain silent, politely decline to answer questions about the allegations, and ask to speak with an attorney. Do not try to explain your way out of it — statements are often the strongest evidence the prosecution has. Then contact a defense lawyer as soon as possible, because early steps in a case are frequently the most important ones.

In many misdemeanor cases an attorney can appear on your behalf under Penal Code § 977, so you may not have to be present at every hearing. Felony cases generally require your presence at key stages. We will tell you exactly which dates require you and which we can handle for you.

Yes, and it's often the most valuable time to get involved. Where an investigation is still open, early representation — sometimes called pre-file intervention — can allow us to present mitigating information to the prosecutor and, in some cases, keep charges from being filed at all.

Many people become eligible to have a conviction dismissed under Penal Code § 1203.4 (opens in new window) after successfully completing probation, which can help with employment and other opportunities. Eligibility depends on the offense and how the case was resolved. We can review whether expungement is an option in your situation.
Knarik Boyadzhyan speaking on the phone in the firm's Encino office.
Consultation

Talk to Knarik Boyadzhyan About Your Criminal Case

Boyadzhyan Legal Shield defends misdemeanor and felony cases throughout Los Angeles County from the firm's office in Encino. Whether the case is still sitting with a prosecutor who hasn't decided anything, a detective or investigator has reached out to you, or you already have a date on the calendar, we can talk through where the case actually stands and what the next step decides.

Initial consultations are free and confidential, with no obligation to hire the firm.

This page is general legal information, not legal advice, and does not create an attorney-client relationship. California statute references link to the official California Legislative Information site.

Related reading

All blog articles →
Criminal Defense

California Firearm Sentencing Enhancements: The Number on the Paperwork, and Whether a Judge Can Take It Off

A California firearm enhancement is two separate questions: what number the statute adds, and whether a judge may remove it. The second question moved in 2024 — the California Supreme Court held in People v. Walker that Penal Code section 1385 creates no presumption in favor of dismissal — and most published explanations still describe the older rule. Even a stricken enhancement can leave the probation bar, the credit ceiling, and the strike consequence behind.

Criminal Defense

California's Three Strikes Law: What Actually Counts as a Strike

California's sentencing math is the easy part: one prior strike doubles the term, and since 2012 a third felony that is not itself serious or violent usually does not carry 25 to life. The hard part is whether a particular old conviction is a strike at all — which often turns not on the offense's name but on what was specifically pleaded and proved in that case file.

Criminal Defense

Expungement Under Penal Code 1203.4: What a California Dismissal Actually Does

A Penal Code 1203.4 dismissal does not erase, seal, or delete anything. It withdraws your plea and dismisses the case, which changes who is allowed to ask about the conviction, who is allowed to see it, and who is allowed to hold it against you — and those three questions have different answers depending on whether you are looking at the Department of Justice record or the court file.