Practice Area

Sex Crime Defense

Confidential Los Angeles and Encino sex crime defense — pre-file intervention, the PC 290 tiered registration system, and a former prosecutor and public defender fighting for your name and your future.

Overview

Accused of a sex crime in Encino, Los Angeles or the San Fernando Valley?

Few accusations carry the weight of a sex crime allegation. Long before a jury ever hears the word 'guilty,' the accusation alone can cost you your job, your family, your reputation, and your standing in the community. In California these cases are prosecuted aggressively, they often turn on a single person's word, and a conviction can attach consequences — including lifetime or tiered sex-offender registration — that follow you for decades. This is not a matter to face alone, and it is not one to face quietly hoping it goes away.

Boyadzhyan Legal Shield defends people accused of sex offenses throughout Los Angeles and the San Fernando Valley with the discretion these cases demand. Founding attorney Knarik Boyadzhyan is a former Deputy Public Defender who began her career as a paralegal in the United States Department of Justice's Violent and Organized Crime Section. She has handled serious felony matters at every stage and understands how the prosecution builds a sex-crimes case — the forensic interviews, the pretext calls, the digital forensics — and where those cases break down.

The most important thing many people do not realize is that the defense can begin before charges are ever filed. If you have learned you are under investigation — a detective has called, an accuser has confronted you, or you have been asked to 'come in and talk' — that window is where cases are quietly resolved, declined, or reduced most effectively. What you do in the days after you first suspect an investigation can matter more than anything that happens later in a courtroom.

From the first confidential call, our focus is protecting you: preserving your right to remain silent, getting ahead of the investigation, scrutinizing the evidence and the accuser's account, and pursuing the best available outcome — a decision not to file, a dismissal, a reduction, or an acquittal at trial. A serious accusation is not a conviction, and it is not the end of your story.

Under investigation but not charged? This is the moment that matters most

If a detective has contacted you, or you believe an accusation has been made, do not try to explain your way out of it — investigators are trained to elicit statements that are later used against you, and 'pretext' calls recorded with the accuser are common. Politely decline to be interviewed and contact a defense attorney immediately. Early, pre-file intervention lets us communicate with investigators on your behalf, present exculpatory evidence to the prosecutor before a filing decision is made, and in some cases persuade the office not to file charges at all. Once charges are filed, that leverage is largely gone.

California sex-offender registration tiers (Penal Code § 290)

TierMinimum registration periodTypical offensesRelief
Tier 1Minimum 10 yearsLower-level, generally misdemeanor offenses such as certain indecent-exposure or misdemeanor sexual-battery convictionsMay petition for removal after the minimum period if requirements are met
Tier 2Minimum 20 yearsMid-level felony offenses, including certain lewd-act and assault offensesMay petition for removal after the minimum period if requirements are met
Tier 3LifetimeThe most serious offenses — including many involving minors, force, or repeat convictionsGenerally no petition for removal; lifetime registration

Since January 1, 2021, California uses a three-tier registration system under the Sex Offender Registration Act. The tier that applies depends on the specific offense of conviction and other factors, and some offenses and enhancements still require lifetime registration. This table is general information, not legal advice or a prediction about any individual case — your eligibility and obligations depend on your exact charges and history.

Sex crimes we defend

Rape & spousal rape

Charges under Penal Code § 261 are among the most serious felonies in California, carrying long state-prison terms and lifetime registration exposure. These cases frequently turn on the question of consent and on the reliability of the accuser's account.

Sexual battery & sexual assault

Penal Code § 243.4 covers unwanted sexual touching and can be charged as a misdemeanor or a felony ('wobbler') depending on the facts. A felony conviction carries prison exposure and registration consequences.

Lewd acts with a minor / molestation

Penal Code § 288 governs lewd or lascivious acts involving a child and is prosecuted with particular severity — often carrying Tier 3 lifetime registration and, in aggravated cases, One Strike Law exposure. Careful, discreet defense is essential.

Indecent exposure

Penal Code § 314 is often charged as a misdemeanor but still carries registration consequences and lasting stigma. A second or aggravated offense can be elevated, so even a 'minor' charge warrants a serious defense.

Statutory rape / unlawful intercourse

Penal Code § 261.5 covers intercourse with a person under 18 and is a wobbler whose severity depends heavily on the age gap between the parties. Not every § 261.5 conviction requires registration, which makes how the case is charged and resolved critical.

Child pornography offenses

Penal Code §§ 311 and 311.11 cover the possession, distribution, or production of unlawful material involving minors. These cases hinge on digital forensics, the legality of the search, and questions of knowledge and possession that a skilled defense examines closely.

Prostitution & solicitation

Penal Code § 647(a) (lewd conduct) and § 647(b) (solicitation or engaging in prostitution) are typically misdemeanors but can carry collateral consequences for employment and immigration, and frequently arise out of police sting operations.

Internet & online sex crimes

Online solicitation, 'sting' arrest cases, and charges arising from chat-room or app-based operations raise unique defenses — entrapment, the absence of an actual minor, and mistaken identity behind an account or device.

Our defense

How we defend a sex crime allegation

Consent

Many sex-offense charges require the prosecution to prove the act was non-consensual. California law addresses consent in Penal Code § 261.6, and where the evidence shows the encounter was consensual, that can be a complete defense. These cases often reduce to one account against another, and we hold the state to its burden of proof beyond a reasonable doubt.

False allegation

Sex-crime accusations sometimes arise from a custody dispute, a divorce, jealousy, or a desire for leverage or revenge. We investigate the accuser's motives and timeline, gather messages and records, and expose inconsistencies between the accusation and the evidence.

Mistaken identity

Identifications can be wrong — particularly where the encounter was brief, the lighting poor, or the accusation built on a screen name, a device, or a photo rather than direct knowledge. DNA, alibi, and digital-forensic evidence can undermine an unreliable identification.

Insufficient or unreliable evidence

An accusation is not proof. Delayed reporting, shifting accounts, the absence of physical or medical corroboration, and suggestive forensic interviews all bear on whether the state can actually meet its burden. We test every piece of the prosecution's case.

Unlawful search & seizure

Sex-crime cases — especially those involving phones, computers, and online activity — frequently depend on digital evidence. If that evidence was obtained through an unlawful search or a defective warrant, we move to suppress it under Penal Code § 1538.5, which can gut the prosecution's case.

Entrapment in online stings

In 'sting' operations, officers pose as minors or set up decoy profiles. Where law enforcement induced conduct a person was not otherwise predisposed to commit, entrapment can be a defense — and the absence of any actual minor raises additional legal issues.

Mistake of age

In a limited set of cases, a reasonable, good-faith belief that the other person was an adult can be relevant. This defense is narrow and does not apply to every charge, but where the facts support it, it can be significant.

Act now

Under investigation for a sex crime? Why the earliest days matter most

The single most valuable thing a defense attorney can do in a sex-crime case often happens before any charge is filed. In California, when a report is made, detectives investigate and then present the case to the District Attorney or City Attorney, who decides whether — and what — to charge. That pre-filing window is where a skilled defense has the most leverage, and most people forfeit it by talking to investigators or waiting to see what happens.

Do not agree to be interviewed, and do not accept a call from your accuser without understanding that it may be a monitored 'pretext' call designed to capture an incriminating statement. You have the right to remain silent and the right to counsel. Exercising those rights is not evidence of guilt — it is the sensible response of anyone facing a life-altering accusation.

When we are retained early, we can contact investigators on your behalf, control the flow of information, preserve evidence that may otherwise disappear, and present exculpatory facts and context directly to the prosecutor before a filing decision is made. In some cases that intervention results in charges being declined, filed as a lesser offense, or resolved without the public spectacle of an arrest and arraignment. Even when charges are ultimately filed, an early start means we are ready from day one rather than scrambling to catch up.

Consequences

Penalties and lifelong consequences of a California sex crime

California punishes sex offenses more severely than almost any other category of crime, and the consequences reach well beyond a jail or prison sentence. Depending on the charge, exposure can include county jail or lengthy state prison terms, substantial fines, formal probation or parole, mandatory counseling, protective orders, and — the consequence that defines these cases — sex-offender registration.

Many sex offenses are 'wobblers,' meaning the prosecutor can charge them as either a misdemeanor or a felony based on the facts and your record. Because the difference between a misdemeanor and a felony can determine whether you face jail or prison, whether you must register, and for how long, how a case is charged and negotiated is often as important as the underlying facts.

The most serious offenses can fall under California's One Strike Law (Penal Code § 667.61), which imposes dramatically enhanced sentences — up to 15 or 25 years to life — for certain sex crimes committed under aggravating circumstances such as the use of a weapon, kidnapping, or multiple victims. Beyond the sentence itself, a conviction can carry collateral consequences that last a lifetime: loss of firearm rights, immigration consequences that can include deportation for non-citizens, restrictions on where you can live and work, damage to professional licenses, and the public stigma of the registry. These stakes are exactly why an aggressive, meticulous defense matters from the very first day.

Registration

Sex-offender registration and the PC 290 tier system

For most people accused of a sex crime, registration is the consequence they fear most — and for good reason. California's Sex Offender Registration Act (Penal Code § 290) requires people convicted of qualifying offenses to register with law enforcement, keep that registration current, and — for many offenses — appear in a public database. Registration can restrict where you live and work and follows you across every move.

Until recently, California registration was effectively for life for nearly everyone. That changed on January 1, 2021, when a tiered system took effect. Convictions are now generally sorted into three tiers with different minimum registration periods: Tier 1 (a minimum of 10 years), Tier 2 (a minimum of 20 years), and Tier 3 (lifetime). For Tier 1 and Tier 2 offenses, a person may petition the court for removal from the registry after completing the minimum period and meeting the requirements — a meaningful path to relief that did not exist before. The tiers are summarized in the table above.

Which tier applies — or whether registration is required at all — depends on the exact offense of conviction. That is precisely why the defense strategy is not only about avoiding a conviction but, where a conviction cannot be avoided, about resolving the case to a charge that carries the least severe registration consequence or none at all. Understanding this tiered framework, including the post-2021 petition process, is central to how we approach every sex-crime case, and it is an area many general-practice firms handle superficially.

Local

Sex crime defense in Encino & the San Fernando Valley

Boyadzhyan Legal Shield is based in Encino on Ventura Boulevard and defends sex-crime cases throughout the San Fernando Valley and greater Los Angeles — Sherman Oaks, Tarzana, Van Nuys, Woodland Hills, Studio City, Northridge, and the surrounding communities. We understand that in a case this sensitive, discretion is not a courtesy; it is part of the defense. We handle these matters privately and professionally at every step.

If you were arrested or are under investigation in the Valley, your case is very likely to be handled at the Van Nuys Courthouse, which hears criminal cases for the San Fernando Valley, and prosecuted by the local filing offices that cover the Valley. Serious felony sex offenses are typically filed by the Los Angeles County District Attorney's office, while certain misdemeanors may be handled by the City Attorney — and knowing how these cases are actually charged and resolved in the Valley, rather than downtown, is an advantage an out-of-area firm cannot offer. We appear in Van Nuys and the surrounding Los Angeles County courts regularly, and we bring that local knowledge to every stage of your defense.

How we work
01

Confidential case review

We meet privately to learn what happened, review any reports or communications, and explain the investigation or charges you face and the exposure they carry — including any registration consequences.

02

Pre-file & early intervention

Where charges have not yet been filed, we communicate with investigators on your behalf, protect your right to remain silent, and present exculpatory evidence to the prosecutor before a filing decision is made.

03

Investigation & strategy

We examine the accuser's account and motives, the forensic and digital evidence, and the legality of every search, building the strongest defense the facts allow.

04

Negotiation & trial

We push for a declination, dismissal, or reduction — including to a charge that avoids or minimizes registration — and prepare every case as if it will go to trial.

Frequent questions

Is a sex crime always a felony in California?

No. Some sex offenses are charged only as misdemeanors, and many others are 'wobblers' that a prosecutor can charge as either a misdemeanor or a felony depending on the facts and your record. Because that distinction affects your jail or prison exposure and whether you must register, how a case is charged is often a central focus of the defense.

Can sex crime charges be dropped if the accuser recants or doesn't want to prosecute?

Not automatically. In California the prosecutor — not the accuser — decides whether to pursue charges, and a case can continue even if the accuser wants to withdraw it. That said, a recantation or an accuser's reluctance can significantly affect the strength of the case, and a defense attorney can use it in seeking a dismissal or reduction.

What is California's One Strike Law?

The One Strike Law (Penal Code § 667.61) imposes dramatically enhanced sentences — generally 15 or 25 years to life — for certain serious sex offenses committed under aggravating circumstances, such as the use of a weapon, kidnapping, or multiple victims. Because the exposure is so severe, defending against these enhancements is a critical part of any case where they are alleged.

Do I have to register as a sex offender if I'm granted probation?

It depends on the offense of conviction, not on whether you receive probation or jail. Registration under Penal Code § 290 is generally triggered by the specific crime you are convicted of. This is why resolving a case to a charge that carries a lower registration tier — or no registration at all — is often as important as the sentence itself. An attorney can explain how registration would apply to your specific situation.

Can a sex crime conviction be expunged in California?

Some sex offenses may be eligible for expungement under Penal Code § 1203.4 after probation is completed, but eligibility is limited and certain offenses — particularly those involving minors — are excluded. Expungement also does not automatically end a registration obligation. Whether relief is available depends on your exact conviction, and we can assess your options.

What is pre-file intervention and how can it help my case?

Pre-file intervention is representation that begins before formal charges are filed, while the case is still under investigation. During that window an attorney can communicate with detectives on your behalf, protect your right to remain silent, preserve evidence, and present exculpatory facts to the prosecutor before a filing decision is made. In some cases this results in charges being declined, reduced, or resolved without an arrest — leverage that is largely lost once charges are filed.

What if the accusations are part of a custody or divorce battle?

Sex-crime accusations sometimes arise in the middle of a contentious custody or divorce dispute, where one party may have a motive to gain leverage. We investigate the timing and context of the accusation, gather messages and records, and expose inconsistencies. A motive to fabricate is highly relevant, and we develop that evidence carefully where the facts support it.

What is the difference between sexual battery and rape?

Generally, sexual battery under Penal Code § 243.4 involves unwanted sexual touching and can be charged as a misdemeanor or felony, while rape under Penal Code § 261 involves non-consensual intercourse and is a serious felony carrying far greater prison exposure and registration consequences. The specific charge dramatically affects the stakes, which is why an early, accurate assessment matters.

What should I do if I'm being investigated but haven't been charged?

Do not agree to be interviewed and do not discuss the matter — including on a phone call with your accuser, which may be a recorded 'pretext' call. You have the right to remain silent and to counsel, and exercising those rights is not evidence of guilt. Contact a defense attorney immediately so we can intervene during the investigation, when the defense has the most leverage.

How confidential is my consultation?

Your consultation is protected by the attorney-client privilege, and we handle these cases with particular discretion given how sensitive they are. You can speak candidly about what happened so we can advise you accurately. Protecting your privacy and your reputation is part of how we approach every sex-crime matter.

How does consent work as a defense to a sex crime?

Many sex offenses require the prosecution to prove the act was non-consensual, and California addresses consent in Penal Code § 261.6. Where the evidence shows the encounter was consensual, that can be a complete defense. These cases frequently come down to one account against another, and the prosecution must prove the absence of consent beyond a reasonable doubt — a burden we hold them to.

Which courthouse will handle my sex crime case in the Valley?

If you were arrested or are under investigation in the San Fernando Valley — Encino, Sherman Oaks, Van Nuys, Tarzana, Woodland Hills, and surrounding communities — your case is most likely handled at the Van Nuys Courthouse, which hears criminal matters for the Valley. We appear there regularly and know how these cases are charged and resolved locally.

Will my name be made public if I'm accused of a sex crime?

An accusation or arrest can become part of the public record, and a conviction requiring registration can place you in a public database. This is one of the strongest reasons to intervene early and, where possible, resolve a case before charges are filed or to a charge that avoids registration. We handle every case with an eye toward protecting your privacy and your future.

Can I be charged with a sex crime from an online sting operation?

Yes. Many online sex-crime cases arise from 'sting' operations in which officers pose as minors or set up decoy profiles. These cases raise particular defenses — including entrapment where law enforcement induced conduct you were not predisposed to commit, and legal issues arising from the fact that there was no actual minor involved. We examine how the operation was conducted and whether your rights were violated.

How much does a sex crime defense lawyer cost?

Fees depend on the complexity of the case and whether it is resolved before or after charges are filed. We discuss fees openly at the confidential consultation so you understand the cost before you commit. Given what is at stake — your liberty, your record, and potential lifetime registration — skilled defense is an investment in protecting your future.

This page is general legal information, not legal advice, and does not create an attorney-client relationship. California statute references link to the official California Legislative Information site.

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